Expansible pattern for tubular castings.



2 SHIETS-SHEEI' l.

Patented Oct. 9, 1917.

"3'. i. WALKER.

APPLICATION I'ILiD KAR. 12. IDVII.

EXPANSIBLE PATTERN FOR TUBULAR CASTINGS.

akker/411 JHN B, WALER.

I. B. WALKER.

EXPANSIBLE PATTERN FOR TUBULAR CASTINGS.

APPLICATION FILED MAR. I2. IBI?.

PIBlltd OIS. 9, 1917.

2 sains-sneer 2 wueMI'oc i JOHN B. WALKER.

/ atten/w44 This JOI-IN B. WALKER, OF BIRMINGHAM, ALABAMA.

EXPANSIBLE PATTERN FOR TUBULAR CASTINGS.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Oct. 9, 1917.

Application led March 12, 1917. Serial No. 154,402.

To all whom it may confers:

Be it known that I, JOHN B. ifVALKnR, a citizen of the United States ofAmerica, residing at Birmingham, in the county of JeEerson and State ofAlabama. have invented certain new and useful Improv@mentsin ExpansibloPatterns for Tubular Castings, of which the following isa specification.

My invention relates to the art of making sand molds and cores for usein casting ingot molds, large pipe and like heavy tubular bodies.

My invention is esiecially (but not exclusively) adapted to orm, in oneoperation by the use of a jarring table or jolt machine, both the sandcore and the cheek or mold thus enabling me to greatly simplify andcheapen the cost of mold pro-duction and at the same time to produce astandard of uniformity in the packing of both cheek and core that cannotreliably be obtained other; Wise. f In the production of sand molds foringot molds and the like I have heretofore used only a solid pattern andI have found by experience that in order to finally simplify the Wholeoperation it is necessary to eliminate the careful, manual laborincident to the stripping of the solid pattern from the sand core. Aspecial object of this invention, therefore, is to provide a patternthat will expand and strip freely from the sand core when lifted by acrane and is so suspended that its sections will, responsive to gravityaction only. tend automatically to close or resume contracted positionas soon as free of the core.

A further feature of my invention relates to the concealed means tolimit the expand ing movements of the pattern sections and to hold thempositively against lateral displacement ivhile leaving them free topart. I also provide novel means to prevent sand from interfering with`Said limit means. feature is of special importance where the core andcheek are formed simultaneously on the pattern, thereby requiring allfastenings to be 0f a concealed nature.

Where the cheek and core are simultaneously formed on a sectionalpattern, it is essential to devise some simple and effective means forholding such pattern closed and this I accomplish by first forming aspart of the cheek an encircling band of packed sand which surrounds thebott-om of the pattern and holds the pattern sections closed together sothat the packing of both core and cheek can thereafter proceed together.The advantage of such a method hardly needs comment7 for the strippingoi the choix-k will obviously free the pattern to expand when it islifted to strip the core.

When a jarring process is used to pack the sand mold 0r cheek about anlngot mold pattern, I have heretofore found it necessary to hand ram thesand under the outstanding lug patterns. A further object of myinvention is to avoid this objectionable opera tion by leaving thepattern free of outstand ing projections which would interfere with thestripping of the cheek and providing detachable lug patterns adapted toseat in guide grooves formed in the top of the pattern so as to be freeto strip vertically there from with the cheek.

As illustrative of the apparatus now regarded as the preferredembodiment of my invention, reference is made to the accompanyingdrawings,l in. Which:-

Figure l is a vertical sectional view taken on the line 1-1 of Fig. 3and showing the core and cheek both rammed and the manner of detachablymounting the lug patterns.

Fig. 2 is an elevation of the flask broken away to show the split edgeof the pattern and illustrating the sand band for holding the samecontracted during the ramming operation. 1 Y

Fig. 3 is a top plan view of the assembled apparatus.

Y F ig. 4 is a detail View showing the inanner of applying the cranehooks to the pattern.

Fig. 5 is a detail view expansible core arbor.

Fig. 6 is a segmental view of the side edges of the pattern sectionshowing the dowel pin and limit lug appliances for guiding and limitingthe movements of the pattern sections.

Fig. 7 is a detail cross-sectional view taken through the bottom limitlug and stop plate therefor.

Similar reference numerals refer to similar parts throughout thedrawings.

A jolt machine or jarring table 1 is formally illustrated and hasmounted thereon a removable stool drag 2 to which the center column 3 ofa collapsible core arbor of the top of the is secured by a wedge key 4.The arbor is 'formed by 'four collapsible staves 5 which carry at theirupper ends internal socket hearings 5 in which the pawls 5 are mountediree to rock and disposed upwardly so as to engage the colmnn 'of thearbor at a point above the topY of the stares. The stares have lappingcorner joints as described in my pendingafpplioatien, 'Serial No.36,920, and if desired only the staves carrrying'the inner flanges needVberkprovided with the sockets 5 and the pawls 5l. The stares areexpanded by theY action of a plate o' and wenige key 6a on the columnwhich engages the `panvls `and forces the stares outwardly untilarrested by the" engagement of lugs 6" on the 'staves With-stop lugs 3on the column. The staves Vat their lower ends are mounted to rock inVthe sockets 2 on thestool dra-g. The staves are operated to'expan'd orcontract the arbor, all as more tallyA described in my said applicationSerial No. 86,920. The stool is recessed in its upper face atTtotornithe drag portion of the mold. A stripping plate 8 is Ymountedoir the stool dragand clamped in position toireceive and center thelower end of the pattern which is shown of tubular forni as generallyused for the manufacture of ingot molde, though its shape can bemodified for the manufacture of other articles. The Vpattern issubstantially rectangular in cross section and is split diagonallythrough its corners in a vertical plane preterably'into two halfsections 9 and l0, each section-carrying about its top edge a protectingplate 11 with upturned perforated lugs or ears 12 at each end. Theselugs or ears are arranged to overhang so that the centers of their holeswhen in register willlhe inthe plane of parting between the patternsections. Between each pair oflugs 1271 interpose la hanger plate i3haring a hole therein adapted to register Wtlrthellholesin'the lugs sothat the bolts lin which pivotally connect the lugs, will also hold thehanger platesin position between theni. The upperfree ends of theseplates are provided with holes l5 to receive hooks 16 oi' the crane orhoisting tackle.

The pattern section 9 in each upper side edge is provided With acountersunkV seat to receive a plate'l' carrying a dowel pin 1.8, and initsI Alower portion is a countersunk seat which receives a platelrhaving afstop lug 2U with a downturned hook 2l at its outer end. Theside edges of the pattern section l0 havercountersunk seats, the upperof which receive plates 252 having jdort/el pinheles therein disposedrto receive the dewel pins '18; The lower -seatsreceive plates nl: haringholes 25 into which the stop Yilugs Q0 projectw'ith a close sliding Sideffit but with the bottoni of the hole in position toclearthe under-faceoithe lng ibut to engage YYthe downturneid hook Q1 at the outer end ofthe lug. By this arrangement the lugs and the pins hold the flasksections agaii'ist lateral displacement While permitting them to swingapart freely on their pivot holte li nntiltthe hooks engage the plates24, thus limiting the opening or expanding movement ot' the pattern. Itis.

et' importance to note that l provide the lower countcrsunk seats forthe plates 24 with an opening 26 leading downwardly and at an inclineoutwardly through the tace of the pattern, so that the sand can es capefrom the lug holes :25, it being essential that these holes shall notbecome packed with the sand as thereby the automatic closing action ofthe pattern sections might be interfered with.

The flask as described in my application Serial No. 136,642, is dividedvertically into halt' sections QT andA Q'Sfeach havin at its upper edgeoverhamging perforated 'lugs which lap and each pair of which ishingedly connected by a pivot bolt Each flask sectionV carries :aplurality of lifting lugs Jfor engagement With the :hoist tackleq thelugs 31 near the side edges'ibeing termed closing" lugs and the lugs 32being termed opening lugs.

The upper end otfthe column 3 is puovided with anhead 33 having a holeSartor the Elcrane or Vlifting tackle. Detachable hold-down bars 36 areinterposed between the top of the pattern and the shoulders 35 atthe'top of the arbor column to prevent the patternlifting with the cheekwhen it is raised. to strip it therefrom. Such holddown means form nopart of myfpresent invention and are illustrated merely tol make clearthe matter in .Whichi the tubular pattern that is otherwise free ofvfastenings, is held in position about the core Whileathe check is beingstripped therefrom.

Assuming the stool with the stripping plate, flask and core assembledthereonzin position on the jarring table,' the patternris seated on thestool v*with its bottom end left free of any rigid fastening. .Sand isfirst shoveledbetween the pattern and the flask to a height 0fabout afoot, thejarring 115 table is then operated' to give the apparatus threeor four jolts `l which compacts this sand about the pattern so that itwill form an encircling sand band 45 Whielrwvill force together and holdinr that position the lower or free ends of the pattern sections. Having thus preliminarily secured Athel pattern in position, sandisf"l':`illed` in on' bothy the inside and outside of the pattern andthefjiolting operation proceeds mntilthe -saad is 'packed 'practicallyto'- tbfe top rlevel ofi the pattern.

It will Vbe `observed that theY pattern Ydees not carry lugs forormingthe ears or lugs 0111V the -ingot mold :andi 11a-yi yreason .torleav- 130 ing the exterior of the pattern free of projections will beapparent when it is considered that my purpose is to pack the sand bythe jolting or jarring process. If the lugs were formed on the patternit would be practically impossible to mechanically accomplish the properpacking of the sand under the lugs. In accordance with my presentinvention, the operator uses a shovel, the blade of which is Vshaped sothat when thrust downwardly into the packed sand around the top of thepattern, it Will remove sufficient of the sand to form a seat Which willreceive the detached lug patterns 38 which are then set in positionagainst the pattern sections 9 and 10. To insure the lug patterns beingset in the right position, they are provided with tongues 39 that fitinto vertical slots 40 in the pattern. After seating the lug patterns,additional sand is thrown over them and rammed. W'hen this has beenaccomplished, the crane is first applied, in the manner described in mypending application, Serial No. 136,642, to lift the flask and strip thecheek from the pattern and stool drag and deliver it to foundry pits forfinishing. The lug pattcrns will be stripped off with the cheek and canreadily be drawn as part of the finishing operation. The crane hooks arethen applied to the hanger plates 13 of the pattern and, the encirclingsand band which forms part of the cheek having been removed, the bottomend of the pattern is released to expand to the full extent permitted bythe stop lugs 20. As the pattern is lifted to strip it from the core, itWill ride freely up the core and the latter will be thus protected fromcollapse or injury. As soon as the pattern clears the core it can be setover another core arbor and the operation repeated, it being noted that'the pattern sections Will swing together into closed position by gravityas soon as they are free of the core.

By utilizing the sand band for contracting the pattern I save oneoperation, required to contract and secure the pattern sections togetherand another operation to release them so that the pattern can expand. Itwill be understood however that the sand band is only the preferredmeans, as my invention contemplatesthe use of any device or means whichwill hold the pattern contracted during the ramming operation and whichwill strip With the cheek. In order to facilitate the stripping of thecheek, the pattern is preferably formed with a slight taper upwardly andthis taper is effective within the pattern al so to facilitate itsstripping from the core.

In view of divisional requirements my present invention is restricted tothe construction of the expansible pattern and the novel arrangement ofdetachable patterns for projecting parts for use VWhen the pattern isadapted for forming ingot molds on a jolt machine.

Having thus described my invention. what I claim as new and desire tosecure by Letters Patent is 1. An expansible tubular pattern for hollowrarticles divided longitudinally into sections hinged at their upperends, means to hold the sections, when contracted, against relativelateral displacement, and lifting members disposed to leave the patternsections free to expand when suspended, substantially as described.

Q. An expansible tubular pattern for hollow articles dividedlongitudinally into sections hinged at their upper ends, means to holdthe sections when contracted, against relative lateral displacement,lifting members disposed to leave the pattern sections free to expandWhen suspended thereby, and means to limit the expanding movements ofthe lower ends of the patterns, substantially as described.

3. A sectional pattern for ingot molds and the like divided on avertical plane into sections, means to hingedly connect the sections attheir upper ends, means to suspend thc pattern from the hinges, andconcealed means for holding the pattern sectionsagainst relative lateraldisplacement.

4. A sectional pattern for ingot molds and the like divided on avertical plane into sections, means to hingedly connect the sections,means to suspend the pattern from the hinges, and concealed mechanismsmounted in the joint between sections for holding the pattern sectionsagainst relative lateral displacement.

5. A sectional pattern for ingot molds and the like divided on avertical plane into sections, means to connect the sections free to movetoward or from each other, means to suspend the pattern, and concealedmechanisms mounted in the joint between sections for holding the patternsections against relative displacement, one mechanism comprising dowelpins and sockets for preventing the sections moving relatively laterallyon each other, and the Vother mechanism comprising hook lugs andVsockets for limiting the partingV movement of :the sections inexpanding, substantially as described.Vi

6. A sectional tubular pattern having its inside and outside surfacesforming pattern faces, said pattern being subdivided longitudinally andhaving in the abutting edge Vfaces of the sections concealed means whenthe pattern is contracted for holding the assembled parts thereof inpredetermined position.

7. A tubular pattern for ingot molds comprising a main body portion freeof proj ection on its exterior side surface, and separate lug patternsslidably detachable from and adapted forfdisconneetedusevvith the mainpattern, substantially 4ascanldl forithe purposes described.

8. In an apparatus for jforming Lsand molds for ingot molds onafjgarringtable, a pattern for the ingot mold comprising a mainbodyportion free @fling-projections, vertical guide slots for the lugpatterns, which slots extend snp through the f top of the pattern andare left open iabovauand. de taehed lug patterns adaptedrtott into andfree torslide vertically out 'of-said slots.

9. A tubular pattern for ingot molds and the like having its insidelandoutsiele snrfaces forming :pattern faces, saidpattern` beingsubstantially rectangular in. cross section and being split diagonallythrough corner edges toiforrn vertical sections, and nonrigidconnections for said `sections ywhich permit them to move apart.and-expand the pattern.

l0. In a pattern forfingot molds andlike articles which is subdividedaxially into sections, a non-rigid joint connecting the sections attheir upper Vends, coperating lug and socket members inthe-abnttingedges of the patternsections, and sand ports leading fromthesocketsY through thelside of2 the pattern, substantially as described.

11. A pattern adapted forifuseon aljarring table for simultaneouslyStorming the cheek and core Vfor an ingotniod, said pattern beingdivided vvertically into half sections, hingedly connected lugs at thetopV of the sections, allianger plate hingedfto each pair of lugs, theabutting edges of=tl1fe pattern sections being provided'neartheir upperends with doWel pins, and sockets therefor, and near their lower endsWith limit lugs and sockets therefor, therebeing sand escape ports-fromtheL limit lng sockets, substantially as described.

12. A tubular pattern 'for Vingotxmoldsanal the like having its insideAand entside sur faces forming pattern faces, saifd pattern beingdivided vertically intovsections which are free to-rnoverelativelyltoexpand or contract theA pattern, and ynieansi in the jointto limit the expansion of thepatter-n, sabstan'tially as described.

13. "A tubular pattern foringetniolds and the like having its inside andoutside surfaces forming pattern faces, said pattern being dividedvertically into sections, means to connect the sections so thatfthey arefree images? to: moveetowardfor lfrom; each other fol the purpose ofcontracting or expanding :the pattern, `and means :disposed in thejoints Of the sectionsto holdlthem against lateral displacement.

lll. ,Af tubulan patterni for' ingot molds and the likehaving its insideand outside .saurfaces:` forming. pattern facesfsaid pattern; beingydivided vertically finto sections, to connect thesections so thattheyiare free to movwtmeard orafi-om each. other for the purposeof'ccntracting or expanding the pattern, and concealed Y means disposedin vthe joints and'adapted toY gnide and limit the relativemovementsoffthe pattern sections, substantially as described.

15. In =a molding apparatus, a pattern for ingotnlolds and thelikewliichisfdivided :vertically into sections, meansconnecting the-sections sothatithey arefree to move relatively andthereby expand or contract theVpattern, andfmeans adapted to be stripped Afromthe pattern for holdingits sectiensin contracted position in the mold.

16. In ay molding apparatus` a pattern for ingot molds andthe likehaving its inside and outside surfaces'forniing pattern faces, saidpattern being dividedinto vertical sectiens,means connecting thelsections so that they are free to expand or contract, and a sandbandsnrronnlingithe pattern to hold itin contracted position in the mold.

17. A tapering tabular pattern for ingot molds and the like having itsinside and out side surf-aces 'forming pattern faces, said patternbeingdivided into vertical sections, means connecting said sections so'thattheir jlower ends are free to part, and means, forming part of the-sand'cheek and adapted to'be Stripped yfrom the patterntherewith, forholdingthe pattern contracted.

'18. VlA tubular sectional pattern for ingot molds and the like dividedlongitudinally and having internal and external pattern surfaces forcheek and core, and means, carr-ied by the portion of the pattern thatis embedded in*the sand, toiguide and hold the pattern sections whencontracted against relative movement except to expand the pattern,said-means being disposed to leave said pattern surfaces substantiallyundisturbed.

In testimony Whereof'I affix my signature.

JOHN B. WALKER Witness:

ANoam@ WELSH.

Gopieszcf thispatent may. be `olzaainediforkve cents each, by addressingthe- .Cnmmissinner of Patents,

iwashington; C. Y

